Socialisation of Production, a system of relations expressing the social bond between producers on the basis of scientific ana technical progress and of the deepening of the social division of labour; a form of movement and development of social production, encompassing objective interrelations and inter-dependencies of the level and state of the productive forces and relations of production. It manifests itself, first, in the development and deepening of the social division of labour with the intensification of the inter-dependencies between specialised industries connected to each other by deliveries back and forth of goods; second, the fragmentation of individual economic units is eliminated as a result of the development of various forms of cooperation and the centralisation of production; third, concentration of production is extended as it becomes concentrated at big enterprises; fourth, the economic ties and the exchange of activity between different economic regions intensify. As a result "... many separate production processes" merge "into one social production process" (V. I. Lenin, Collected Works, Vol. 1, pp. 175-76). Simple capitalist cooperation, manufactory, and factory production (see Machine Production under Capitalism) are the stages of the socialisation of production and labour under capitalism. The historical process of capitalist development is at the same 327 time the deepening of the contradictions between the social character of capitalist production and private form of appropriation (see Basic Contradiction of Capitalism). Monopoly capitalism implies tremendous progress in the socialisation of production. State-monopoly capitalism is its highest and most complete form under capitalism. The high degree of socialisation of production under capitalism creates the material prerequisites for the replacement, by a socialist revolution, of private ownership of the means of production by social ownership in order to subordinate production to the interests of society as a whole and to ensure its planned development. "From the moment when society enters into possession of the means of production and uses them in direct association for production, the labour of each individual, however varied its specifically useful character may be, becomes at the start and directly social labour" (F. Engels, Anti-Diihring, p. 366). Socialist ownership of the means of production opens up new opportunities for further enhancing social character of production. In the stage of mature socialism, these processes develop under the direct effect of the scientific and technological revolution which expands the framework of socialist cooperation of labour and creates new industries, interindustry and territorial-production complexes. At the same time the entire aggregate of social relations is restructured on the collectivist principles that are inherent in socialism, the leading role of the property of the whole people intensifies further, the two forms of socialist ownership draw closer together, the planned and balanced development of the socialist economy rises to a higher level, and the economic mechanism is further perfected. Managerial and planning activity in all links is aimed at achieving high economic results. The processes of specialisation and cooperation are speeded up thanks to the creation of large associations, which function on the basis of long-term economic ties. The establishment of a new type of world economy and the development of socialist economic integration (see Integration, Economic Socialist) is a new stage of socialisation of production on the international scale.