Floating Surplus Population, one of the forms of relative surplus population under capitalism, connected with the cyclic development and anarchic nature of the capitalist economy, when the worker is sometimes in a job, other times out of work, with part of the able-bodied population remaining permanently unemployed. This form of surplus population is especially widespread in cities and industrial centres. As the organic composition of capital grows, some workers become redundant and are pushed out of the process of production. On the other hand, the burgeoning of functioning capital leads to an expansion of production and an increase in its demand for labour power. Floating surplus population depends directly on the capitalist cycle. It reaches its peak during crises and production depressions, but it is inherent in any phase of the cycle. During the general crisis of capitalism, floating surplus population grows in scale and is retained during periods of economic recovery and booms. The scientific and technological revolution has a great effect on the structure of floating surplus population. In particular, it leads to a lowering of the maximum age after which the worker is usually sacked and replenishes the army of the unemployed. Floating surplus population is the only form of surplus population capitalist statistics recognises.