789

p Adler, Georg (1863-1908), German bourgeois economist—453, 478

p Adler, Victor (1852-1918), reformist, leader of Austrian SocialDemocracy—478

p Aeschylus (525-456 B.C.), poet of Ancient Greece, "father of the tragedy"-429, 629

p Aksakov, Ivan Sergeyevieh (1823- 86), Russian publicist, prominent representative of Slavophilism-151-53, 191, 397, 398

p Alexander I, Emperor of Russia (1801-25)-385, 392

p Alexander II, Emperor of Russia (1855-81)-122, 145, 155, 212, 214,348,384,388,389,396,397

p Alexander III, Emperor of Russia (1881-94)-93, 94, 384, 393

p Anaxagoras (c. 500-428 B.C.), philosopher of Ancient Greece—423

p Archimedes (c. 287-212 B.C.)-593, 594

p Archytas of Tarentum (c. 440-360 B.C.), Greek philosopher, idealist, Pythagorean, scientist and statesman—593

p Aristophanes (c. 446-385 B.C.), dramatist of Ancient Greece, author of satirical comedies on political themes—435

p Aristotle (384-322 B.C.)-342, 552, 625, 662

p Aristov, Nikolai Yakovlevich (1834-82), Russian historian, considered schism in the Russian Church and the fight against the new church reforms to be a popular movement—166

p Arnaud, Francois (1721-84), French writer and publicist, member of French Academy—512

p Arnault, Arthur (1833-95), French politician and writer, member of the Paris Commune, 1871—289, 324

p Astafyev, Pyotr Yevgenyevich (1846-93)—assistant-professor at Moscow University, idealist philosopher—433

p Augustus Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus, Roman emperor (27 B.C.-14A.D.)-633

p Axelrod, Pavel Borisovich (1850- 1928), one of founders of Emancipation of Labour group, later Menshevik—116

p B

p Babst, Ivan Kondratyevich (1824- 81), Russian economist, author of works on Russian economy— 211

p Bacon, Francis (1561-1626)-566

p Bakunin, Mikhail Alexandrovich (181-4-76), Russian public figure, ideologist of anarchism, opponent of Marxism, expelled from the First International— 59, 88, 148-50, 152-57, 160, 162, 164-66, 170, 172, 174, 191, 194, 249, 289, 297, 309, 324-26, 333, 336, 357

p Balzac, Honore de (1799-1850)- 659

p 50—755

790

p Barth, Paul (1858-1922), reactionary German bourgeois publicist, active opponent of Marxism 482, 617, 619, 621

p Bastiat, Frederic (1801-50), French vulgar economist- 84, 327, 626

p Bauer, Bruno (1809-82), German idealist philosopher, leader of the Young Hegelians- 407, 433, 441, 447-49, 580, 583-84, 645-47, 660, 708

p Bauer Edgar (1820-86), German publicist, Young Hegelian 449, 450, 580-83

p Hazard, Saint-Amand (1791-1832), French Utopian socialist, disciple of Saint-Simon—506, 510

p Bclinsky, Vissarion Grigoryevich (1811-48)-91, 370, 385, 437, 439, 440, 453, 558, 707, 710, 714

p Beltov, N. (pseudonym of Plekhanov, G.V.)-89, 714-29, 731-35, 737-742

p Belyayev, Ivan

p Dmitriyevich

p (1810-73), Russian historian, Slavophile, professor of Moscow University—317

p Berkeley, George (1684-1753), English bishop, reactionary idealist philosopher—466, 481, 489

p Bernstein, Eduard (1850-1932), leader of the extreme opportunist wing of German Social- Democracy and Second International, theoretician of revisionism—79

p Bezobrazov, Vladimir Pavlovich (1828-89), Russian liberal, geographer and economist—238

p Bismarck, Otto (1815-98), "Iron Chancellor”, German statesman and diplomatist-204, 308

p Blanc, Louis (1811-82), French petty-bourgeois socialist, historian, active figure in the revolution of 1848-724-25

p Blanqui, Louis-Auguste (1805-81), French revolutionary, Utopian communist, advocate of a revolution by a handful of conspirators-169, 288, 338

p Blos. Wilhelm (1849-1927), German Social-Democrat, opportu- nist, petty-bourgeois historian and publicist- 657-58

p Blantschlijohann Kaspar (1808-81), Swiss, jurist, representative of reactionary organic school of right-732

p Borne, Karl Ludwig (1786-1837), German bourgeois-democratic thinker, author of Letters from Paris 712

p Borodin, Nikolai Andreyevich (born 1861), Russian inchthyologist, statistician and public figure 317, 738

p Borsig, Johann Karl Friedrich (1804-54), big German capitalist-198

p Bourbons, French royal dynasty reigning in France from 1589 to 1792 and in 1814-15, 1815-30- 534

p Brandes, Georg (1842-1927), Danish literary critic, represented positivist aesthetics 641

p Brentano, Lujo (1844-1931), German economist, represented bourgeois school of " Katheder-So/ialismus"—75

p Brunetiere, Ferdinand (1849-1906), French literary critic, attempted to apply methods of natural sciences to history of literature 631- 32, 636-37, 640-42

p Brutus, Marcus Junius (85-42 B.C.),

p Roman republican,

p headed conspiracy against Caesar 438

p Brzozowski, Anton losiphovich (born 1847), Polish revolutionary, in 1867 made unsuccessful attempt at life of Alexander 11-338

p Buhl, Ludwig

p (1814-early eighties), German radical publicist, Young Hegelian-696-700, 702

p Bulgarin, Faddei Venediktovich (1789-1859), Russian reactionary writer and journalist, policespy and informer 715

p Buschen, Artur Bogdanovich (1831-76), Russian statistician-222

p Bucher, Georg (1813-37), German dramatist, publicist and 791 politician, founder of secret society of the Rights of Man (1834)-537, 613-14, 666

p Buchner, Ludwig (1824-99), German physiologist, represented vulgar materialism—488, 614

Bucher, Karl (1847-1930), German bourgeois economist, adhered to so-called historical school in political economy—476

C

p Cabet, Etienne (1788-1856), French Utopian communist, author of Travels in Icaria—

p Caesar, Gaius Julius (100-44 B.C.), Roman emperor, prominent general and statesman-424, 432, 437, 438, 664

p Camphausen, Ludolf (1803-90), Prussian bourgeois statesman, Ministerprasident—440

p Carey, Henry Charles (1793-1879), American vulgar economist -84

p Carus— See Lucretius, Titus

p Cassius Longinus, Gaius (1st cent. B.C.), Roman politician, people’s tribune, initiator of conspiracy against Caesar—438

p Cato, Marcus Porcius the Elder (234-149 B.C.), prominent politician and writer in Ancient Rome- 608

p Catherine II, Russian empress (1762-96)-245, 384, 385, 388, 391

p Chaadayev, Pyotr Yakovlevich (1794-1856), Russian enlightener and idealist philosopher— 156, 692

p Chateaubriand, Francois Rene (1768-1848), French writer, headed reactionary romantics-642

p Chatham, Earl. See Pitt, William (the Elder)

p Charles X, King of France (1824-30), dethroned by July Revolution of 1830-140, 141

p Cheops (3000 B.C.), Pharaoh of Ancient Egypt 187, 188

p Chernyshevsky, Nikolai Gavrilo- vich (1828-89)-131, 133-36, 139, 141, 142, 144-46, 164-66, 192, 291, 341, 344, 385, 553-55, 643-44, 674

p Cobden, Richard (1804-65), English manufacturer and bourgeois economist, advocated free trade, founder of Anti- CornLaw League—65, 74

p Cohen, Hermann (1842-1918), German philosopher, Neokantian-463

p Colbert, Jean-Baptiste (1619-83), French stasesman, pursued policy of mercantilism to strengthen absolute monarchy-65, 201, 202 Comte, Auguste (1798-1857), French bourgeois philosopher and sociologist, founder of positivism-518, 539, 540

p Condorcet, Jean Antoine (1743-94), prominent French bourgeois sociologist, enlightener, Girondist— 511, 512, 515

p Conside’rent, Victor (1808-93), French Utopian socialist, disciple of Fourier—515

p Copernicus, Nicolaus (1473-1543) 612-13, 645

p Corroyer, Eduard (1837-1904), French architect and writer, author of works on history of architecture—642

p Cousin, Victor (1792-1867), French idealist philosopher, eclectic— 673-74

p Cunow, Heinrich (1862-1936), author of works on history of primitive society, theoretician of revisionism in German Social-Democracy—475

p Custine, Adolf (1790-1857), French traveller and man of letters—385

p Cuvier, Georges (1769-1832), prominent French naturalist, founder of comparative anatomy and palaeontology, author of anti-scientific theory of cataclysms-371, 373, 377

p Cychlinski, Franz (Szeliga) (1816- 1900), Young Hegelian, contributor to periodicals published by Bauer 646, 660

792

p D

p Dahlmann, Friedrich Christoph (1785-1860), German bourgeois historian and political figure of liberal trend—646

p D’Alembert, Jean le Rond (1717-83), French mathematician and philosopher, member of Encyclopaedists’ group—700

p Dameth, Claude Marie Henri ( pseudonym, Gorsse, Henri) (1812-84), French publicist, professor of political economy, Fourierist—515

p Danielson, Nikolai Franzevich (pseudonym,

p Nikolai—on)

p (1844-1918), Russian writer, ideologist of liberal Narodism of eighties and nineties, translated Marx’s Capital Vol. I in co-operation with H. Lopatin-240, 244, 245, 253, 274, 524-26, 698-700, 702, 734-35, 737-42

p Darwin Charles Robert (1809-82) - 186, 473, 557, 585-86, 589, 596, 612, 629, 649,652-55,661-62, 665

p David (ll-10th cent. B.C.), semilegendary Hebraic king—473

p Delyanov, Ivan Davydovich (1818- 97), Minister of Public Education in Russia, 1882-97, Author of reactionary circular prohibiting to admit to gymnasiums " children of cooks, coachmen, petty shop-keepers"—386

p Dementyev, Evstafy Mikhailovich (1850-1918), Russian physician, progressive public figure, author of The Factory. What It Gives to, and What It Takes from, the Population, 1893- 735-37

p Derzhavin, Gavriil Romano vich (1743-1816)-282

p Descartes, Rene (1596-1650)-467, 468, 489. 552, 566

p Diderot, Denis (1713-84)-566,

p 641

p Dobrolyubov, Nikolai Alexandrovich (1836-61)-718, 735

p Dostoyevsky, Fyodor Mikhailovich (1821-81)-385

p Dudevant, Aurore (pseudonym, George Sand) (1804-76), famous French novelist—387

p Du Chdtelet, Charles-Marie- Tannegny (1803-67), French journalist and reactionary statesman—81

p Dumas, Alexandre (father) (1803- 70), French writer, author of historical novels—636

Duhring, Karl Eugen (1833-1921), German petty-bourgeois ideologist, opponent of Marxism, was subjected to severe criticism by Engels in his Anti-Duhring— 89, 90, 114, 712, 719-20, 726

E

p Echtermeyer, Theodor (1805-44), German writer, Left Hegelian, in co-operation with Ruge, he founded magazine Halle Yearbooh on Problems of German Science and Art—440

p Edison, Thomas Alva (1847-1931), outstanding American inventor— 593

p Eisenhart, Hugo (1811-93), German professor of political economy, supporter of protective tariffs-20 7

p Elizabeth, Russian empress (1741- 61J-390, 391

p Enfantin, Barthelemy Prosper (1796-1864), French Utopian socialist, follower of SaintSimon-519, 522-24, 728

p Engels, Friedrich (1820-95)-55, 59, 66-68, 72, 90, 114-16, 136, 142, 157, 158, 160, 164, 165, 168, 169, 171, 176, 185, 190, 191, 207-09, 245, 276, 283, 289, 290, 297, 325, 336, 407, 408, 433, 434, 440, 441, 447, 449, 452-54, 461, 465, 467, 468, 469, 470, 474, 475, 478, 480, 481, 535, 556, 558, 560-63, 565-67, 569, 576, 584-85, 595, 598, 599, 616, 646, 655, 658, 661-62, 675-78, 694-95, 705, 712, 719-21, 724, 726-28

793

p Epaminondas (died 362 B.C.), Greek statesman and general— 473

p Erisman Fyodor Fyodorovich (1842-1915), hygienist, investigator in sphere of school and professional hygiene-220, 222, 231

p Ertel Alexander

p Ivanovich

p (1855-1908), Russian writer, described disintegration of landlords’ economy and growth of capitalism in the countryside-337

p Euclid (3rd cent. B.C.), great mathematician of ancient world— 129, 148

p Eudoxus of Cnidus (c. 408-355 B.C.), mathematician and astronomer in Ancient Greece—593

Euripides (c. 480-406 B.C.), poet and dramatist in Ancient Greece-630

F

p Farnam, Henry Walcott (1853- 1933)-202

p Faucher, Julius (1820-78), German vulgar economist, Free Trader-8 4

p Feuerbach, Anselm (1775-1833), father of philosopher Feuerbach Ludwig, criminolofrist—450

p Feuerbach, Ludwig (1804-72)-407, 408, 433, 434, 450, 467, 580, 648,707,742

p Fichte, Johann Gottlieb (1762- 1814)-412,413, 473, 550, 552, 578, 579

p Filippov, Mikhail Mikhailovich (1858-1903), man of letters, adherent to "Legal Marxists" at one time, editor of Nauchnoye Obozreniye ( Scientific Review)—578

p Fischer, Friedrich Theodor (1807- 88), German art critic, Left Hegelian-407

p Flint, Robert (1838-1910), English bourgeois sociologist—518

Fouquet, Nicolas

p (1615-80),

p French statesman, financier 201

p Fourier, Charles (1772-1837)-326 327, 422, 478, 515, 530, 532, 535, 580

p Fox, Charles James (1749-1806), English statesman, member of Liberal Party of Whigs-505

p Franklin, Benjamin (1706-90), prominent American statesman, writer, scientist and philosopher, participated in elaborating Declaration of Independence of the USA in 1776- 586

p Frazer, Alexander Campbell (1819-1914), English bourgeois historian of philosophy—578

p Frederick II, King of Prussia (1740-86)-390

p Freiligrath, Ferdinand (1810-75), German revolutionary poet; in 1848-49 was one of editors of Neue Rheinische Zeitung—441

Fustel de Coulanges, Numa Denis (1830-89), French historian, represented evolutionary trend in science of history—441, 481, 657

G

p Galvani, Luigi (1737-98), Italian physiologist and anatomist, discovered phenomenon of galvanism-578

p Geiger, Ludwig (1848-1919), German historian, investigator and publisher of Goethe-592

p George Sand, pseudonym, see Dudevant, Aurore

p Gervinus, Georg Gottfried (1805-71), German bourgeois politician, historian of literature—646 Giraud-Teulon, Alexis (born 1839), historian of primitive society, professor in Geneva— 482, 598, 599, 657

p Godwin, William (1756-1836), English petty-bourgeois writer, publicist and historian of literature, initiator

p of anarchism—516

p Goethe, Johann Wolfgang (1749- 1832)-193, 459, 472, 545, 546, 636, 648, 666

794

p Gogol, Nikolai Vasilyevich (1809- 52) -259, 41 4, 530, 552-54, 674, 715

p Goldenberg, Grigory Davydovich (died 1880), Narodnaya Volya member, took part in terrorist activity—345

p Gorsse, Henri, pseudonym of Dameth

p Greek, Nikolai Ivanovich (1787- 1867), Russian reactionary journalist and writer -385, 386, 389, 394, 401, 715

p Grigoryev Vastly Nikolayevich (1 852-1925), Zemstvo statistician economist and public figure of Narodniktrend-251,252

p Grimm, Friedrich Melchior (1723- 1807), man of letters, diplomatist, member of Encyclopaedists’ group, publisher of Literary Correspondence -494,512

p Grosse, Ernst (1862-1927), German bourgeois sociologist, ethnographer and historian of arts-476

p Grim, Karl (1817-87), German petty-bourgeois publicist, theoretician of "true socialism"— 101, 453, 454, 478, 695

p Guibert of Nogent (1053-c. 1 124), French theologian and historian-622-23

p Guillaume, James (1844-1917), Swiss anarchist, opponent of Marxism, one of leaders of secret “Alliance” -326

p Guizot, Francois Pierre Guillaume (1787-1874), French bourgeois historian and reactionary statesman-481, 503, 504, 506-08, 510, 516, 661, 724-25

p Gumplowicz, Ludwig (1 838-1909), Austrian reactionary jurist and and sociologist, racist -626

p Guyau, Jean Marie (1854-88), French bourgeois idealist philosopher and sociologist 642

p H

p Haeckcl, Ernst Heinrich (1834- 1919), German naturalist, Darwinist, supported natural-historical materialism- 558, 652, 654, 734

p Hans, Eduard (1798-1839), German jurist, Hegelian in theory of right (law)-407

p Hansemann. David-Justus (1790- 1864), one of leaders of Phenish liberal bourgeoisie, Prussian Minister in 1848-440

p Harvey William (1578-1657), prominent English anatomist and surgeon, establis.hed blood circulation -548

p Haxthausen, August (1792 1866), reactionary Prussian official, author of work describing vestiges of village commune system in Russia-134, 139, 145, 249

p Haym, Rudolf (1821-1901), German historian of literature and philosophy, positivist—66

p Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich (1770-1831) 66-68, 81, 89, 90,154, 165, 166, 173, 186, 373, 375, 376, 407, 408, 411-423, 425-432, 435-40, 450, 460, 469, 471-74, 479, 482, 485, 502, 514, 520, 545, 548-59, 561-63, 565, 566, 568, 569, 574, 575, 577-80, 583-84, 586, 590, 604, 611-12, 616, 619, 635, 642, 644, 649, 669, 704, 706-09, 716-17, 720-21, 725-30

p Heine, Heinrich (1797-1856) -435, 440

p Heinze, Max (1835-1909), German professor of philosophy, dualist-433, 450, 481, 717

p Heinzen, Karl (1809-80), German publicist of radical trend, petty-bourgeois republican-675-77, 679, 687-88, 693, 696, 702

p Heliogabalus (204-222), Roman emperor—496

p Helvetius, Claude Adrien (1 7 1 5-7 1) 483-85,489,490, 494,514, 516, 531, 538, 543, 544, 589, 626-27, 634, 648, 666, 728

p Henning, Leopold (1791-1866), professor of philosophy in Berlin, Right Hegelian 440

p Henry IV, King of France (1594-1610) 212

795

p Heraclitus of Ephesus (c. 530-470 B.C.) 578

p Herostratus of Ephesus, Greek who burnt temple of Artemis in Ephesus in 356 B.C. to immortalise his name -369

p Herzen, Alexander Ivanovich (pseudonym,

p Iskander)

p (1812-70)-68, 112, 129-31, 146, 148, 151, 166, 399, 437

p Hess, Moses (1812-75), German petty-bourgeois publicist, one of chief representatives of "true socialism"—453, 537, 695

p Hildebrand, Bruno (1812-78), German bourgeois vulgar economist, represented so-called historical school in political economy-19 1

p Hobbes, Thomas (1 588-1 679)-619

p Holbach, Paul Heinrich (1723-89) - 459, 461, 489. 490, 494, 499, 511, 538, 635, 648, 666, 705

p Hubbard, Nicolas Gustav (1 828-88), French historian and economist 518

p Hugo, Victor (1802-85)-636

p Hume, David (1711-76) -456, 466, 467, 635, 637, 644-45, 731

p Huxley, Thomas Henry (1825-95), English

p naturalist, Darwinist 731

p I

p Ibsen, Henrik (1828-1906), Norwegian dramatist, classic of Norwegian national literature— 659

p Inarna- Sternegg, Karl Theodor (1843-1908), German bourgeois economist and historian-617

p Isayev, Andrei

p Alexeyevich

p (1851-1924), Russian bourgeois economist and statistician—233, 237, 238

p Ivan IV Vasilyevich, Great Duke of Russia (1533-47), Tsar and Great Duke of all Russia (1547-84) 245, 395

p Ivanov G., pseudonym of U. spensky G.

p Ivanyukov, Ivan Ivanovich (1844- 1912), Russian bourgeois economist, professor, author of then well-known textbook of political economy -70, 71,171 Izyaslav Mstislavich, Great Uuke of Kiev (1146-54)^528

p J

p Jacobi, Friedrich Heinrich (1743- 1819), German poet, philosopher, friend of Goethe-59, 473, 474

p Jacobi, Johann (1805-77), German bourgeois politician, democrat, participated in Revolution of 1848; opponent of Bismarck—142

p Jaures, Jean Leon (1859-1914), prominent figure in international socialist movement, leader of Right Wing of French Socialist Party, historian, active fighter against war and militarism—55

p James II, King of England and Ireland (1685-88), dethroned by Glorious Revolution of 1688-89-505

p K

p Kant, Immanuel (1724-1804)-67, 165, 412, 431, 435, 456-58, 460, 461, 463-65,470-73,478, 480-82, 490, 495, 552, 627, 635, 727, 729

p Kareyev, Nikolai Ivanovich (1850-1931), Russian liberal historian and publicist, opponent of Marxism—244, 255, 526-28, 595, 597, 599, 600, 602, 609, 612-24, 648, 654, 657, 692, 706, 715

p Karonin, S., pseudonym of Petropavlovsky, N.Y.

p Katkov, Mikhail Nikiforovich (1818-87), Russian publicist, liberal, later monarchist—15 1, 370, 386

p Kautsky, Karl (1854-1938), one of leaders of German SocialDemocracy and of Second International. Marxist, then 796 ideologist of Centrism, opportunist-65 8

p Kavelin, Konstantin Dmitriyevich (1818-85), Russian historian and jurist, liberal, opponent of revolutionary-democratic movement-732

p Kennan, George (1845-1924), American journalist and traveller-394

p Kharizomenov, Sergei Andreyevich (1854-1917), Russian revolutionary Narodnik of seventies, author of works on agrarian statistics—737

p Kolubovsky, Yakov Nikolayevich (born 1863), historian and bibliographer of Russian philosophy-433

p Kostylkov, I. N., handicraftsman, inventor—232

p Kovalevsky, Maxim Maximovich (1851-1916), Russian scientist, jurist, historian and sociologist-260, 318, 604-07, 610, 614

p Kravchinsky, S. M. See StepnyakKravchinsky

p Kriege, Hermann (1820-50), German Utopian socialist, follower of Weitling, organiser of New York group of League of the Just-453

p Krivenko, Sergei Nikolayevtcn (1847-1907), liberal Narodnik of 1890s, opponent of Marxism-679-80, 688-90, 692, 700-03, 710

p Krupp, Alfred (1812-87), owner of arms factories in Germany—198

p Krylov, Ivan Andreyevich (1769- 1844)-282

p K. T. (Tarasov, K.), See Rusanov, N. S.

p Kudrin, N. See Rusanov, N. S.

p La Mothe le Vayer, Francois (1588-1672), French philosopher, sceptic, opposed theological dogmas and scholastic "absolute truths"—500

p Lange, Friedrich Albert (1828-75), German bourgeois philosopher, Neokantian-79, 434, 459, 514, 730-31

p Laplace, Pierre Simon (1749-1827), prominent French astronomer, mathematician and

p phy-

p sicist—705

p Lassalle, Ferdinand (1825-64), petty-bourgeois socialist, active participant in German labour movement, initiated opportunist trend in German SocialDemocracy-70, 78, 102, 122, 155, 336, 349, 401, 407, 551, 554, 599

p Lasswitz, Kurt (1848-1910), German man of letters and philosopher, Neokantian—463

p Laurent, Francois (1810-87), Belgian jurist and historian—74

p Lavrov, Pyotr Lavrovich, ( pseudonym Mirtov) (1823-1900), one of prominent ideologists of Narodism, represented subjective school in sociology, author of Historical Letters— 89, 107, 168, 173, 199, 283-85, 287, 291, 296, 297, 299, 301-03, 334, 356

p Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm (1646-1716), prominent German idealist philosopher—450, 569-71

p Lenin (Ulyanov), Vladimir Ilyich (1870-1924)-455

p Lenormant, Francois (1837-83), French archaeologist, historian and traveller—481, 616

p Lerminier, Jean-Louis-Eugene (1803-57), French jurist, liberal publicist, Conservative since late thirties of the 19th cent.-605

p Lermontov, Mikhail Yuryevich (1814-41)- 385

p Leroy-Beaulieu, Pierre Paul (1843-1916), French bourgeois economist—84

Lessing, Gotthold Ephraim (1729-

797 81), most prominent German writer, critic, philosopher and 18th-century enlightener—407, 443

p Levasseur, Pierre Emile (1828- 1911), French bourgeois economist and historian—202

p Lewes, George Henry (1817-78), English bourgeois philosopher, positivist, physiologist—557, 650, 706-07

p Lichkov, Leonid Semyonovich (born 1855), Russian statistician and publicist-259, 269, 273

p Lilienfeld, Pavel Fyodorovich (1829-1903), Russian sociologist, follower of so-called organic school—732

p Linton, William James (1812-97), English politician and journalist-129, 130

p Lippert, Julius (1839-1909), Austrian historian of culture and ethnographer—599

p List, Friedrich (1789-1846), German vulgar economist, one of founders of so-called historical school in political economy— 65, 205-07, 694

p Littr’e, (.mile (1801-81), French philosopher, positivist and politician—518

p Livy, Titus (59 B.C.-17 A.D.), Roman historian—662

p Locke, John (1632-1704)-489, 494, 510, 544, 566, 619, 634

p Lopatin—433

p Louis Bonaparte. See Napoleon III.

p Louis IX the “Saint”, King of France (1226-70)-506

p Louis XI, King of France (1461-83)-374

p Louis XIV, King of France (1643-1715)-212, 630

p Louis XVI, King of France (1774-92), sentenced to death by Convent and executed—213

p Louis XVIII, King of France (1814-24)-140, 141

p Louis Philippe, King of France (1830-48), enthroned by Revolution of 1830, and dethroned by Revolution of 1848-169, 530, 641

p Luchitsky, Ivan Vasilyevich (1845-1918), Russian bourgeois historian, Cadet, author of works on French history—292

p Lucretia (6th cent. B.C.), noble Roman woman, as legend says, who was dishonoured by son of king and committed suicide-186

p Lucretius, Titus (99-55 B.C.), outstanding Roman poet, materialist philosopher, author of On the Nature of Things-572

p Luther, Martin

p (1483-1546), founder of Protestantism ( Lutheranism) in Germany—117

p Lyell, Charles (1797-1875), prominent English geologist, founder of evolutional geology—547

p M

p Mably, Gabriel Bonnot de (1709-85), French Utopian communist—213

p Magnitsky, Mikhail Leontyevich (1778-1855), inspector of Kazan educational district, extreme reactionary and obscurantist-386

p Malet, Claude Francois (1754- 1812), French general, organised unsuccessful conspiracy against Napoleon-30 7, 308

p Malon, Benoit (1841-93), French petty-bourgeois socialist, member of First International, later headed Right Wing of French Workers’ Party and organisation of PossibiHsts—75

p Malthus, Thomas Robert (1766- 1834), English reactionary bourgeois economist, advocated misanthropic theory of population— 516,522-24

p Marcellus, Marcus Claudius (c. 270-208 B.C.), Roman general-593

p Martins, Karl Friedrich (1798- 1868), German naturalist and traveller-590, 606

p Lamarck, Jean Baptiste (1744- 1829), prominent French naturalist, evolutionist, predecessor of Darwin-628, 665

798

p Marx, Karl (1818-83)-51, 52, 62, 66-71, 77, 79-81, 85, 89, 90, 101, 104, 114-16, 121, 136, 142, 154, 171, 180, 181, 186, 190, 194, 207-10, 276, 310, 327, 329, 331, 335-37, 357, 361, 371-73, 377, 378, 407, 412, 427-29, 433, 434, 439, 440, 441, 449, 452-54, 465, 475-78 481, 482, 524, 525, 535, 550, 565, 576, 580, 583-86, 588, 591, 599, 610-14, 616-21, 624-25, 627-31, 633, 641, 645-66, 668-84, 688, 693-94, 699-703, 708-09, 712, 716, 720, 723-25, 727-28, 730-32, 734-36, 739, 742

p Maurer, Georg Ludwig (1790-1872), German historian, investigator of social system of ancient and medieval Germany—481

p McLennan, John Ferguson (1827- 81), Scottish jurist, investigator of history of primitive society— 598-99

p Mechnikov, Lev Ilyich (1838-88), Russian geographer, sociologist and publicist, supporter of geographical trend in sociology-421. 481, 616, 705

p Mehring, Franz (1846-1919), prominent representative of revolutionary Marxism in Germany, member of Spartacus Union, literary critic and historian of Social-Democratic movement— 434, 441, 453

p Mendelssohn, Moses (1729-86), German petty-bourgeois idealist philosopher—407

p Menzel, Wolfgang (1798-1873), German critic and writer, criticised Goethe—437

p Meshchersky, Vladimir Petrovich (1839-1914), conservative publicist and writer, extreme monarchist-644, 729

p Meyer, Moritz-204

p Meyer, Rudolf (1839-99), German economist, follower of Rodbertus-190

p Mignet, Francois Auguste (1796- 1884),

p French bourgeois historian of Restoration epoch 504-06, 510, 516, 724

p Mikhail Fyodorovich Romanov, Tsar of Russia (161 3-45)-391

p Mikhailov, Mikhail Larionovich (1829-65), Russian poet and publicist, revolutionary democrat. In 1861 he was sentenced to deportation for life in Siberia, where he died—385

p Mikhailovsky, Nikolai Konstantinovich (1842-1904), Russian sociologist and publicist, leader of liberal Narodism, violent opponent of Marxism 89, 450, 477, 486, 488, 524, 525, 531, 532, 535, 540-42, 547, 549, 550, 554, 556-62, 564, 565, 567, 578, 579, 581, 595, 597, 610, 612, 614, 644-45, 647, 651-54, 656-63, 670-76, 680-82, 688, 692, 702, 704-10, 712-16, 718-35, 739-42

p Mill, John Stuart (1806-73), English bourgeois economist, prominent positivist-133, 625, 728

p Moleschott, Jacob (1822-93), physiologist, vulgar materialist-488

p MoAere-292, 592

p Montesquieu, Charles (1689-1755), French enlightener and sociologist-420, 499, 516, 704

p Moreau de Jonnes, Alexandre (1778-1870), French economist and statistician-217, 664

p Morgan, Lewis Henry (1818-81), American scientist, ethnographer, investigator of primitive society-475, 595, 599, 616, 661-62

p Morozov, Timofei Savvich, (1823- 89), factory-owner 222, 236

799

p Nechayev, Sergei Gennadiyevich (1847-82), Russian revolutionary, conspirator, terrorist—161, 162

p Nekrasov, Nikolai Alexeyevich (1821-78)-392

p Newton, Isaac (1642-1727)-186, 557

p Nikolai—on.  See Danielson.

p Nicholas I, Emperor of Russia (1825-55)-145, 315,384, 385, 386, 389, 390, 392, 404, 405

p Nicholas II, last emperor of Russia (1894-1917J-384

p Novikov, Nikolai Ivanovich (1744-1818), Russian enlightener, satiric writer, journalist, publisher, whom Catherine II imprisoned in Schliisselburg fortress for his free-thinking— 385

p Nozhin, Nikolai Dmitriyevich (1843-66), publicist, biologist, participated in revolutionary movement of sixties in Russia-540, 541, 734

p O

p Octavius.  See Augustus Gaius Juli- ws-438

p Offenbach, Jacques (1819-80), French composer, past master in French classic comic operas— 567

p Opitz, Theodor, German Young Hegelian, publicist-647-48

p Orlov, Vastly Ivanovich (1848-85), Zemstvo statistician of Moscow Gubernia. Marx, Lenin and Plekhanov made use of data collected in his works-252-55,257, 262, 264, 269, 274

p Ostwald, Wilhelm Friedrich (1853-1932), German chemist and idealist philosopher, author of reactionary Machian theory of energy—459

p Owen, Robert (1771-1858)-478, 515

p N

p Napoleon I (Bonaparte), Emperor Of France (1804-14 and 1815)-

p 203, 305, 306, 629

p Napoleon HI (Louis Bonaparte), Emperor of France (1852-70)— 347

p Paul I, Emperor of Russia (1796- 1801) 390-92

p Paulus, Heinrich (1761-1851), Protestant theologian—443

p Pecchio, Giuseppe (1785-1835), Italian jurist and economist— 625

p Pericles—429

p Perigot, Charles-202

p Perovskaya, Sophia Lvovna (1853- 81), Russian revolutionary, prominent member of Narodnaya Volya, took active part in attempt at life of Alexander II— 403

p Peschel, Oskar (1826-75), German geographer, ethnologist and publicist-607, 610, 621, 657, 728

p Peter I, Tsar of Russia (1 682-1721), Emperorof all Russia (1721-25)- 245, 248, 375, 384, 388, 395, 396, 397, 399

p Peter HI, Emperor of Russia (1761-62)-390

p Peters, German architect, correspondent of Rodbertus—331

p Petropavlovsky, Nikolai Yelpidiforovich (1853-92), Russian Narodnik writer—550

p Petrashevsky (Butashevich), Mikhail Vasilyevich (1821-66), prominent figure of Russian liberation movement in middle of 19th century, leader of political circle known as " Petrashevtsi" (1848)-370, 560

p Pisarev, Dmitry Ivanovich (1840-68), prominent critic, materialist philosopher, revolutionary democrat. After one of his articles, he was imprisoned in the Peter and Paul Fortress-385

p Pitt, William (the Elder) ( Chatham) (1708-78), English statesman, leader of party of Whigs-203-04

p Plato (427-347 B.C.)-561, 593, 625

p Plautus, Titus Maccius (c. 254-184 B.C.), Roman poet-732

p Plutarch (c. 46-126 A.D.), moralist writer in Ancient Greece, author of biographies of prominent Greek and Roman figures—487, 593, 594, 625

p Pogodin, Mikhail Petrovich (1800-75), Russian reactionary   800 historian and publicist, ideologist of monarchy and nobility- 717

p Polevoi, Nikolai Alexeyevich (1796- 1846), Russian journalist, writer and historian, one of first bourgeois ideologists in Russia of twenties and thirties, later reactionary—673

p Polezhayev, Alexander Ivanovich (1804-38), Russian poet, was sent to army as private for his satirical poem “Sashka” which was directed against police-feudal regime—385

p Polyakov, S. S. (1837-88), Russian capitalist, became rich through railway concessions—215

p Polybius (c. 201-120 B.C.), historian of Ancient Greece—662 Pompey, Cnaeus (106-48 B.C.),

p Roman general—437 Post. Albert Hermann (1839-95), German ethnologist and lawyer-608-09

p Postnikov, Vladimir Yefimovich (1844-1908), Russian economist, statistician, investigator of peasant economy in South Russia. His statistical data were analysed by Lenin in his Development of Capitalism in Russia -798

p Price, Richard (1723-9 l)-English economist and publicist—460, 470

p Priestley, Joseph (1733-1804), prominent English chemist, materialist philosopher and progressive public figure—459, 460, 470

p Prince-Smith, John (1809-74), economist, founder of Free Trade trend in Germany—84

p Proudhon, Pierre-Joseph (1809-65), French publicist, economist and sociologist, one of founders of anarchism, ideologist of petty bourgeoisie-56-58, 62, 76, 87, 170-72, 174, 194, 202,275, 326-29, 331, 518, 682

p Prugavin, Victor Stepanovich (1858-95), Russian economist, Zemstvo statistician, liberal Narodnik-225-27, 230, 232-34, 245, 253, 254, 263, 265, 271, 535

p Puchta, Georg Friedrich (1798- 1846), German jurist, professor, represented reactionary historical school of right-601-03, 606

p Pugachov, Yemelyan Ivanovich (c. 1742-75), headed biggest peasant uprising against serfdom in Russia in 18th century-148, 149

Pushkin, Alexander Sergeyevich (1799-1837)-160, 385, 396, 714, 722

Q

p Quinault, Philippe (1635-88), French poet and dramatist— 636

p R

p Racine, Jean (1639-99), French dramatist, prominent representative of 17th-century classicism-633, 636

p Radishchev, Alexander Nikolayevich (1749-1802), prominent Russian revolutionary, writer, materialist philosopher. For his accusatory book Travel from Petersburg to Moscow he was sentenced to death by order of Catherine II, this sentence being changed then for deportation to Siberia—385

p Rambaud, Alfred Nicolas (1842-1905), French bourgeois historian of liberal trend—395, 398

p Razin, Stepan Timofeyevich (died 1671), Don Cossack, headed biggest popular uprising against feudalism in Russia in second half of 17th century-49, 148, 149, 326, 327

p Ratzel, Friedrich (1844-1904), German geographer and ethnographer, founder of reactionary so-called anthropo-geographical school-476, 590

801

p Raynal, Guillaume Thomas Francois (1713-96), French historian close to Encyclopaedists—564

p Reclus, Jean Jacques Elisee (1830- 1905), French geographer and sociologist, participated in Paris Commune, 1871, theoretician of anarchism—616, 705

p Reinke, Johannes (1849-1931), German botanist-462, 463, 473

p Ricardo, David (1772-1823), English economist, prominent representative of classical bourgeois political economy—84, 85, 421, 521-24, 625, 626

p Richelieu, Armand Jean de (1585- 1642), prominent French statesman, cardinal—201

p Riehl, Alois (1844-1925), German philosopher, Neokantian—463, 467

p Rink, Henrik Johann (1819-93), Danish ethnographer, traveller, explorer of Greenland—603, 607

p Rittinghausen, M. (1814-90), German Social-Democrat, contributor to Neue Rheinische Zeitung-58, 141

p Robespierre, Maximilien (1758-94), outstanding figure of French Bourgeois Revolution of 1789, headed Revolutionary Government of Jacobin Dictatorship 388

p Rochet, inventor of milling loom in ribbon production-230, 231

p Rodbertus-Jagetzow, Johann Karl (1805-75), German vulgar economist, ideologist of reactionary Prussian junkerdom—70 83, 84, 155, 190, 198, 328, 331, 535, 608

p Rogers, James Edwin Thorold (1823-90), English bourgeois economist and historian—81

p Rothschild, the family of millionaire bankers—546

p Rousseau, Jean Jacques (1712-78)— 499,562-66, 618-19

p Ruge Arnold (1802-80), German radical publicist, Left Hegelian, published Deutsch-Franzosische Jahrbucher in co-operation with Marx, in sixties adhered to Bismarck—440

p Runich, Dmitry Pavlovich (1778-1860), inspector of Petersburg educational district, enemy of education-38 6

Rusanov, Nikolai Sergeyevich (pseudonyms, Tarasov, KKudrin, N.) (born 1859), publicist, Narodnaya Volya member in his youth, later socialist-revolutionary, and white emigre after October Revolution-114, 286, 486, 487

S

p Saint-Just, Louis Antoine Leon (1767-94), prominent figure in French Bourgeois Revolution of 1789, leader of Jacobins, member of Committee of Public Security. Executed after Thermidor 9th-388

p Saint-Simon, Claude Henri (1760- 1825)-478, 510, 515-20, 529, 533, 534, 538, 637, 682, 732-33, 740

p Saltykov, (Saltykov-Shchedrin), Mikhail Yevgrafovich (pseudonym, N. Shchedrin) (1826-89), great Russian satiric writer, revolutionary democrat-112, 177, 395, 528, 550, 578, 620

p Savigny, Friedrich Karl (1779- 1861), German jurist, one of founders of reactionary so-called historical school of right—600-03

p Say, Jean-Baptiste (1767-1832), French bourgeois economist, represented vulgar political economy-242, 411, 521, 522, 529, 568, 645

p Schapper, Karl (c. 1812-70), German socialist, one of founders of League of the Just; in 1850 was leader of “Lefts” in League of Communists-207-210

p Schaffle, Albert (1831-1903), German economist and sociologist, Katheder-Socialist—77

p Schelling, Friedrich Wilhelm (1775-1854)-412, 413, 426, 427, 567, 569, 572, 577-79, 802 594, 604,606, 611-12, 728, 730

p Schiller, Johann Friedrich (1759- 1805)—52, 472

p Schlosser, Friedrich Christoph (1776-1861), German bourgeois historian, liberal—377

p Schmidt, Konrad (1863-1932), German Social-Democrat, revisionist, Neokantian—463, 464

p Sechenov, Ivan Mikhailovich (1829-1905), prominent Russian naturalist, founder of materialist physiology—460, 461, 479, 480, 731-32

p Seligman, Edwin (1861-1939), American economist, professor of Columbia University, New York, advocated Anglo- American psychological school in sociology-476, 477

p Sextus (6th cent. B.C.), son of Roman king Tarquin the Proud— 186

p Shakespeare, William (1564-1616) 546

p Shchapov, Afanasy Prokofyevich (1830-76), progressive Russian public figure, historian, supported community-federalist conception of Russian historical process. In 1864 he was deported to Siberia under suspicion of being connected with revolutionary

p emigres—166, 385

p Shchedrin, see Saltykov Shevchenko, Taras Grigoryevich (1814-61), great Ukrainian popular poet, was sent to army as private and then deported for his revolutionary activity— 385

p Sieber, Nikolai Ivanovich (1844-88), Russian economist, one of first popularisers of Marx’s economic theory in Russia-524, 550, 604, 669, 672, 718-23

p Simon, Jules (1814-96), French political figure, publicist and philosopher-194, 195

p Sismondi, Jean Charles (1773-1842), Swiss economist, petty-bourgeois critic of capitalism-84, 501-03

p Skalkovsky, Konstantin Apollon- ovich (born 1843), Russian writer and administrator in mining and

p metallurgical industry—219

p Skvortsov, Alexander Ivanovich (1848-1914), Russian agronomist, economist—737 Smith, Adam (1723-90), English economist, one of most prominent representatives of classical bourgeois political economy-84, 275, 411, 523, 524, 625

p Smith-Prince.  See Prince-Smith Sobieski, Jan, King of Poland (1 674- 96)-390

p Socrates (469-399 B.C.)-432, 708

p Sokolov, Nikolai Matveyevich (born 1860), poet, critic and translator of philosophical works by Kant, Schopenhauer and others—471

p Sombart, Werner (1863-1941), German bourgeois vulgar economist, nationalist and advocate of "race theory"—242

p Sophocles (c. 497-406 B.C.), dramatist in Ancient Greece—429, 629

p Spartacus (1st cent. B.C.), leader of biggest uprising of slaves in Ancient Rome (74-71 B.C.)-594 Spasovich, Vladimir Danilovich (1829-1906), Russian jurist, liberal-549, 550, 557

Spencer, Herbert

p (1820-1903),

p English philosopher, positivist, headed so-called organic school in sociology-122, 450, 539, 557, 599, 732-33

p Spinoza, Baruch (Benedict) (1632-77)-lll,407, 444, 467, 566, 569, 616

p Stammler, Rudolf (1858-1938), German jurist, Neokantian—470 Starcke, Karl Nikolas (1858-1926), Danish philosopher and sociologist-434

p Steinen, Karl von den (1855-1929), prominent traveller and ethnographer-475, 486 Stein, Lorenz (1815-90), German jurist and economist, advocator of "social monarchy"—18, 453 Steinen, Karl von den (1855-1929), 803 prominent traveller and ethnographer-475, 486

p Stepnyak-Kravchinsky, Sergei Mikhailovich (1851-95), revolutionary Narodnik of seventies, member of Zemlya i Volya, writer-100

p Strauss, David Friedrich (1808-74), German philosopher and publicist, prominent Left Hegelian, later bourgeois liberal—407, 441, 444, 446-48

p Stronin, Alexander Ivanovich (1827-89), Russian writer and publicist-732

p Struve, Pyotr Bernhardovich (1870-1944), Russian bourgeois economist and publicist who underwent evolution from Marxism to monarchism—453, 454, 679,704,708-10, 714-16, 734, 737-38, 742

p Stuckenberg, Ivan Fyodorovich (1788-1856), Russian geographer and statistician—228

p Studnitz, Arthur Robert (born 1851)-74

p Suard, Jean Baptiste (1733-1817), French critic and journalist, monarchist-493, 494, 512

p Sudeikin, colonel of gendarmery, sentenced to death by Executive of Narodnaya Volya and killed in 1883-393

p Svyatoslav (c. 945-972), Grand Duke of Kiev-178

p Syromyatnikov, M. P., Russian statistician—222

Szeliga.  See Cychlinski, Franz

T

p Taine, Hippolyte Adolphe (1828- 93), French literary and art critic, philosopher and historian—629, 631

p Tarasov, K., see Rusanov, N. S.

p Thierry, Jacques Nicolas Augustin (1795-1856), prominent French historian and publicist of liberal trend-7 3, 481, 504-06, 508-10, 516, 724

p Thucydides (c. 460-395 B.C.), hi- storian in Ancient Greece—418 662

p ’

p Tikhomirov, Lev Alexandrovich (1852-1923), member of Zemlya i Volya in seventies, member of Executive of Narodnaya Volya, renegade, reactionary since late eighties—89 119, 123, 125-29, 151-54, 157, 159, 160, 167,170-74,176-88, 190-201, 203, 205, 207, 209, 211-14, 216, 217, 221, 223 224, 237, 239, 243, 245, 275-77, 281-83, 286-301, 303-05, 307, 309, 311-26, 329, 330, 333-37, 339, 340, 343, 356-58, 369-74, 376, 377, 378-88, 390-95, 398, 400, 402, 403

p Timiryazev, Dmitry Arkadyevich (1837-1903), Russian statistician, investigated condition of agriculture and handicraft industry in Russia—219

p Timoleon (c. 411-355 B.C.), general and statesman of Corinth, hated tyranny—473

p Tkachov, Pyotr Nikitich (1844-86), prominent Russian revolutionary Narodnik, advocated seizure of power by a handful of conspirators-59, 119, 148, 156-62,164- 69, 172, 174, 176, 181, 185, 287-91, 296-99, 301, 309, 324-26, 333, 334, 336, 341, 357

p Tolstoy, Alexei Konstantinovich (1817-75), Russian poet and dramatist-391, 712-14

p Tolstoy, Dmitry Andreyevich (182 3-89), reactionary statesman, Minister of Public Education (1866-1880), Minister of Internal Affairs and Chief of Gendarmery since 1882-386

p Tolstoy, Lev Nikolayevich (1828-1910)-692

p Tugan-Baranovsky, Mikhail Ivanovich (1865-1919), Russian bourgeois economist, "Legal Marxist"-237, 242

p Turgot, Anne Robert Jacques (1727-81), French economist, physiocrat and statesman—65, 377

804

p U

p Uspensky, Gleb Ivanovich (1843-1902), prominent Russian writer, revolutionary democrat-152, 153, 246, 350, 398, 469, 585, 659, 691, 706, 723

Oberweg, Friedrich (1826-71), German bourgeois historian of philosophy-213, 433, 450, 478, 481, 717

V

p Vanderbilt, the family of American multimillionaires—546 Van der Hoeven, Johann (1801-68),

p Dutch naturalist—541 Van Tieghem, Philipp Eduard (1839-1914), French naturalist, botanist-561, 562

p Vice, Giovanni Battista (1668- 1744), Italian philosopher and sociologist, author of rotation theory in development of society-423, 502, 503, 625

p Virchow, Rudolf (1821-1902), German scientist, founder of cellular pathology—654

p Vollgraf, Karl-699-700, 702

p Volta, Alessandro (1745-1827), Italian physicist and physiologist, one of first scientists who discovered and investigated electric current—578

p Voltaire, (pseudonym of Francois Marie A r o u e t ) (1694-1778)-386, 495, 502, 563, 565, 566, 636-37, 642, 664

p Vorontsov, Vassily Pavlovich ( pseudonym, V.V.) (1847-1918), Russian economist and publicist, ideologist of liberal Narodism in eighties and nineties of the 19th century-193, 197, 198, 214, 216-19, 236, 240, 241, 243, 245, 257, 275, 298, 326, 337, 495, 525-27, 554, 604, 616, 648, 679, 737-39, 741-42

p V. V. -see Vorontsov, V. P.

p W

p Weisengrun, Paul (born 1868), German bourgeois sociologist, one of earlier revisionists—595, 597

p William the Conqueror, King of England (1066-87), former Duke of Normandy who conquered England—509 Willich, August (1810-78), Prussian officer, headed group of ultra-Left in League of Communists-207-10

p Wilson, Daniel ’(1816-92), English bourgeois historian and archaeologist—587

p Windelband, Wilhelm (1848-1915), German Neokantian philosopher—463

p Witt, Jan de (1625-72), Dutch statesman, friend of Spinoza— 473

Wolff, Wilhelm (1809-64), German publicist, member of Central Committee of League of Communists, close friend of Marx and Engels—441

Z

p Zasulich, Vera Ivanovna (1851- 1919), revolutionary Narodnik, later Social-Democrat, participated in organising Emancipation of Labour group, Menshevik after Second Congress of R.S.D.L.P.- 187

p Zeller, Eduard (1814-1908), German historian of ancient philosophy—447

p Zhelyabov, Andrei Ivanovich (1850-81), prominent Russian revolutionary Narodnik, initiator of Narodnaya Volya organisation-50, 51, 345, 358, 403

p Zhukovsky, Yuly Galaktionovich (1822-1907), bourgeois economist and publicist, opponent of Marxist political economy-524, 565, 669-73, 681, 700

p Zinovyev, P., Russian Zemstvo statistician—271

805

p Zlatovratsky, Nikolai Nikolayevich (1845-1911), Russian Narodnik writer-249-51, 257, 276

p X

Xenophon (c. 430-355 B.C.), historian in Ancient Greece—625, 645, 662

Y

p Yakushkina, Elizaveta Mardaryevna (died 1893), landlady in Tula Gubernia, village Staru- khino, who engaged in philanthropic activity among peasants-270

p Yanson, Yuly Eduardovich (1835-92), Russian liberal economist and statistician, organiser of first model urban census in 1890-253

p Yaroslav Vladimir ovich, Duke of Galich (1152-87)-528

Yuzhakov, Sergei Nikolayevich (1849-1910), Russian publicist, liberal Narodnik-692