p The problem of the relationship between science and morality is discussed on these pages by natural scientists: mathematicians, physicists, chemists, geologists, etc. In discussing this purely philosophical theme, the participants simultaneously avoid a narrow or “discipline-bound” approach to the question of the social aspects of the progress of knowledge, instead considering this theme as it pertains to the humanist significance of science. Expressing a wide spectrum of attitudes these representatives of the so-called "exact sciences" give voice to the originality of the personal experience accumulated in the practice of science.

The authors of the given section of the book are Academician A. D. Alexandrov (mathematician) and professor G. L. Pospelov, D. Sc. (Geology and Minerology).