6 FOREWORD
  Part One
  THE NATURE AND ORIGIN OF THE MIND
  Chapter One • MIND AND BODY
7 Matter and Mind
12 Consciousness and the Nervous System
13 Organism and Environment
16 Activity and Consciousness. Sensations
19 Development of the Higher Mental Activity of Man
  Chapter Two • MIND AS A PRODUCT AND REFLECTION OF MATTER
22 Mental Processes are Processes of the Brain, Relating the Organism to its Surroundings
24 Consciousness is a Product of the Development of Matter
26 Consciousness is Reflection of the Material World
26 Material Reality is Primary and its Mental Refection is Secondary or Derivative
28 Material Reality is Reflected in Consciousness in Forms Determined by the Activity of the Brain
30 The Reflection of Material Reality in Consciousness Takes Place through the Active Relationship of the Living Organism and its Surroundings
32 The Reflection of Reality in Consciousness is an Active Factor in Directing the Practice of Changing Reality
34 Matter and its Reflection
  Chapter Three • SOCIAL LABOUR AND SOCIAL THINKING
35 The Human Brain and What We Do with It
36 From Perceptions to Ideas
38 Labour
39 Distinctive Features of Human Labour
41 Labour, Speech and Thought
42 Ideas
  Chapter Four • THOUGHT, LANGUAGE AND LOGIC
45 Language and Thought
46 Can there be Thought without Language?
47 Language Conventions and What They Express
50 Language and Logic
  Part Two
  THE DEVELOPMENT OF IDEAS
  Chapter Five • ABSTRACT IDEAS
55 The Formation of Abstract Ideas
60 The Sources of Abstract Ideas
62 Division of Mental from Material Labour
64 Learning How to Think
  Chapter Six • IDEOLOGY
66 The Formation of Ideologies
67 The Material Basis of Ideological Development
69 The Ideological Reflection of Reality
71 The Criticism of Ideologies
74 Truth and Illusion in Ideologies
77 Scientific and Illusory Ideology
  Chapter Seven • IDEOLOGICAL ILLUSIONS
80 Ideological Reflection of Production Relations
82 The Spontaneous Character of Ideological Illusion
84 The Illusion of Pure Thought
85 Ideological Inversion
89 Ideology and Class Interest
  Chapter Eight • SCIENCE
93 The Ideas of the Production Process
95 The Rise of Natural Sciences
96 Sciences as Specialised Undertakings Distinct from Production
99 Science and Classes
100 Class Ideology in Science
102 Discovery and Preconception
104 Social Science
108 The Social Functions of Science
  Chapter Nine • SCIENCE AND SOCIALISM
114 Achievements of Bourgeois Science
119 Limitations of Bourgeois Science
122 Science for the People
126 The Science of Society
128 The End of the Old Ideology
130 Scientific Foundations of Communist Consciousness
  Part Three
  TRUTH AMD FREEDOM
  Chapter Ten • TRUTH
133 Absolute and Partial Truth
137 Truth and Error
140 The Relativity of Truth
142 Relative and Absolute Truth: Causality, Space and Time
144 The Progress of Truth
  Chapter Eleven • THE ROOTS OF KNOWLEDGE
148 What is Knowledge?
149 The Social Character of Knowledge
151 Social Practice and Social Knowledge
152 Theory and Practice in the Build-up of Knowledge
156 Sense-Perception, the Beginning of All Knowledge
158 The Reliability of the Senses
160 The Expansion, Incompleteness and Criticism of Knowledge
  Chapter Twelve • THE GROWTH OF KNOWLEDGE
163 From Ignorance to Knowledge
164 Perceptions and Judgments
166 From Superficial to More Profound Judgments
169 From Superficial to Deeper Knowledge
172 Appearance and Reality
174 Revolutionary Theory and Revolutionary Practice
176 Things in Themselves
177 Overcoming the Limits of Knowledge
  Chapter Thirteen • NECESSITY AND FREEDOM
180 Necessity and Accident
183 Necessity, Accident and Causality
185 Necessity and Freedom in Human Practice
188 Knowledge as the Means to Human Freedom
190 Freedom and Accident
191 The Elements of Conscious Control
  Chapter Fourteen • THE REALISATION OF FREEDOM
195 The Winning of Freedom
196 Freedom of the Individual and Freedom in Society
197 The Struggle for Freedom
199 From Lack of Freedom to Freedom
201 Morality
208 READING LIST
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Notes