p The objective of communist society is to mould the harmoniously developed man. He will be, first and foremost, a highly educated worker in communist production, a person possessing knowledge of the fundamentals of science, a maker of material values and a creator of communist abundance. He will be an active social administrator, a person with a scientific philosophy, a patriot and an internationalist who knows the fundamentals of art and is capable of creating not only material but also spiritual values, a man with high moral principles and all-round physical development.

p In short, he will be an integral man with a knowledge of all the diverse manifestations of life and possessing not only inexhaustible creative talents but also the ability to apply these talents for the benefit of society and, thereby, of himself. This man is the wealth that will supersede material wealth, which is the foundation and objective of capitalism. “What is wealth,” Marx wrote, “if not the absolute bringing to light of man’s creative talents without any prerequisites except preceding historical development, i.e., the development of all human powers as such.”

The lofty qualities of the man of the future will not emerge of themselves. They must be cultivated. In this chapter we shall deal with the upbringing and the communist consciousness of the new man.