p Unen, Ulan Bator 

p According to Unen, the policy of China’s rulers is becoming increasingly hypocritical. It is based on territorial claims and designs to annex neighbouring countries. To justify their aggressive course, the Maoists resort to the distorting of ancient history. In recent years, the PRC has organised numerous exhibitions and published many copies of books and booklets which, in the final analysis, assert that China has suffered great territorial losses.

p The newspaper, which is published by the Central Committee of the Mongolian People’s Revolutionary Party, goes on to say that this strategy of Peking is aimed at achieving world domination, including the incorporation ofi the Mongolian People’s Republic into China. A Short History of the Aggression by Tsarist Russia in China by a certain Shi Da, published two years ago, is especially remarkable. The book falsifies historical facts to suit the greedy territorial claims of China’s rulers to the Soviet Union and the MPR. The Maoists do not stop at denying the traditions of Mongolian national statehood, and malign the heroic record of the struggle by the Mongolian people for freedom and independence against foreign invaders.

p Vnen stresses that in the early 20th century, Outer Mongolia became the centre of the all-Mongolian national liberation 159 movement. The first stage of this movement envisaged liberation from Manchurian domination, creation of an independent state, and establishment of control over the entire Mongolian population, which was administered at the time by the Qing dynasty. The next stage was resistance to the aggression by the militarist rulers of North China who tried to capture Inner Mongolia. Facts show that the allied troops of Outer and Inner Mongolia fought side by side and together drove the Chinese aggressors from the southern Mongolian regions. But Maoist historians ignore these facts.

p The newspaper recalls that the revolutionary Soviet government rejected the great-power tsarist policy towards Mongolia and defended the right of the Mongolian people to independent statehood. The victory of the popular revolution in Mongolia created all the necessary conditions for shaping new relations between Mongolia and China on a class basis. The MPR did all it could to support the protracted just struggle of the Chinese people for their national independence and freedom. The Mongolian people hailed the victory of the popular revolution in China and the establishment of the PRC. Mongolia recognised the People’s Republic and its government and hoped that the two countries would live in friendship and all-round co-operation for the benefit of both peoples. But the Chinese leaders pursued a two-faced policy. On the one hand, they pretended to support co-operation and respect sovereignty and independence; and on the other, planned to incorporate the MPR into the PRC.

p This policy which ran counter to the principles of relations between socialist countries and to the interests of the Mongolian people collapsed.

p The wise leadership and the farsighted policy of the Party and government of the MPR consolidated its positions and raised the prestige of People’s Mongolia on the international scene. The Peking leaders did not like this and began to advance territorial claims and to undermine the fraternal friendship and comprehensive co-operation between the Mongolian and the Soviet peoples. Since the 1960s, China’s leaders have tried to exert political and economic pressure on the MPR and to deny its experience of non-capitalist development.

p Ünen explains Peking’s anti-Soviet forays by the fact that the USSR—the bulwark of peace and socialism—opposes China’s hegemonist designs.

p By painstakingly playing up the so-called three worlds theory, Peking does all it can to undermine Mongolia’s prestige among third world countries. The treaties between the MPR and the PRC on economic, scientific, technological and cultural co– operation were brought about by the will of both peoples, by their concern for security in Asia and universal peace. But the Chinese side abandoned its obligations and started to advance territorial claims. This threatens peace and security in Asia and throughout the world.

p Ünen concludes that Mongolia has never been part ofi China. By falsifying history, Peking vainly tries to deceive the national minorities of the PRC who suffer from oppression and assimilation, and to invent a “historical justification" for its territorial claims. All this exposes the hegemonist designs of the Maoists and their great-power and expansionist policy.

Pravda, 4 October 1978